It doesn’t matter how many times you get knocked down. All that matters is you get up one more time than you were knocked down. <Roy T. Bennett0 May 2020>
Remote is a Windows machine from HackTheBox, that is focusing on the CVE exploitation technique, for training your ethical hacking skills and penetration testing skills.
According to the nmap result, a website is found that installed a vulnerable version of Umbraco CMS and an mountdnfs service is enabled. It can be exploited after we find the credentials from an exposed NFS share. A login credential is found at a file that saves in this NFS share, the credential can be used to log into the Umbraco CMS. An authenticated Umbraco CMS exploitation is found to gain initial access.
Based on the result of the WinPEAS, there is a possible local privilege escalation vector on a full access service named UsoSvc. Modifying the binpath of the service return the reverse shell with administrator privilege.
130n@calvinlai.com
Target Machine: 10.10.10.180
Attacker Machine: 10.10.14.8
Hacking Process Part 0 – Service Reconnaissance
Quick Pre-searching
Details Analysis
root@kclai: ~/Documents/ctf/htb/windows/12_Remote# nmap -p $(grep -Eo '[0-9]{1,5}/open' fkclai.nmap | cut -d '/' -f 1 | tr -s '\n' ',') -sC -sV 10.10.10.192 -o nmap-result.txt
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2020-09-06 17:49 IST
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.180
Host is up (0.21s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
21/tcp open ftp Microsoft ftpd
|_ftp-anon: Anonymous FTP login allowed (FTP code 230)
| ftp-syst:
|_ SYST: Windows_NT
80/tcp open http Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-title: Home - Acme Widgets
111/tcp open rpcbind 2-4 (RPC #100000)
| rpcinfo:
| program version port/proto service
| 100000 2,3,4 111/tcp rpcbind
| 100000 2,3,4 111/tcp6 rpcbind
| 100000 2,3,4 111/udp rpcbind
| 100000 2,3,4 111/udp6 rpcbind
| 100003 2,3 2049/udp nfs
| 100003 2,3 2049/udp6 nfs
| 100003 2,3,4 2049/tcp nfs
| 100003 2,3,4 2049/tcp6 nfs
| 100005 1,2,3 2049/tcp mountd
| 100005 1,2,3 2049/tcp6 mountd
| 100005 1,2,3 2049/udp mountd
| 100005 1,2,3 2049/udp6 mountd
| 100021 1,2,3,4 2049/tcp nlockmgr
| 100021 1,2,3,4 2049/tcp6 nlockmgr
| 100021 1,2,3,4 2049/udp nlockmgr
| 100021 1,2,3,4 2049/udp6 nlockmgr
| 100024 1 2049/tcp status
| 100024 1 2049/tcp6 status
| 100024 1 2049/udp status
|_ 100024 1 2049/udp6 status
135/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp open netbios-ssn Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
445/tcp open microsoft-ds?
2049/tcp open mountd 1-3 (RPC #100005)
5985/tcp open http Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
|_http-title: Not Found
47001/tcp open http Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
|_http-title: Not Found
49664/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49665/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49666/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49667/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49678/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49679/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
49680/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
Service Info: OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows
Host script results:
|_clock-skew: 1m09s
| smb2-security-mode:
| 2.02:
|_ Message signing enabled but not required
| smb2-time:
| date: 2020-09-06T12:21:19
|_ start_date: N/A
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 190.81 seconds
Enumeration strategies
According to the nmap result, the following interesting ports are found for further investigation
FTP (21)
Website (80)
NFS (2049)
Hacking Process Part 1 – Enumeration
FTP - 21
Using the credentials anonymous/anonymous to log in to the FTP service successful, but nothing can be found or download from this account.
Website - 80
Going to the website and nothing interesting items can be found. Using the gobuster to check any hidden folder/subdirectory, a list of interesting
gobuster dir --url=http://10.10.10.180/ -- wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/dirb/common.txt
An administrative page is found, we cannot log into the system using some default accounts such as admin/admin. Move to next for further checking.
NFS - 2049
Using showmounttool to check which NFS share is accessible by who
The site_backupsis available to mount and is accessible to everyone, let’s mount it and further enumerate.
Check the folder one by one and found that a file named mbraco.sdfinside the folder/App_Data which contains credentials at the top of the file.
strings Umbraco.sdf | head
Administratoradmindefaulten-US
Administratoradmindefaulten-USb22924d5-57de-468e-9df4-0961cf6aa30d
Administratoradminb8be16afba8c314ad33d812f22a04991b90e2aaa{"hashAlgorithm":"SHA1"}en-USf8512f97-cab1-4a4b-a49f-0a2054c47a1d
adminadmin@htb.localb8be16afba8c314ad33d812f22a04991b90e2aaa{"hashAlgorithm":"SHA1"}admin@htb.localen-USfeb1a998-d3bf-406a-b30b-e269d7abdf50
adminadmin@htb.localb8be16afba8c314ad33d812f22a04991b90e2aaa{"hashAlgorithm":"SHA1"}admin@htb.localen-US82756c26-4321-4d27-b429-1b5c7c4f882f
Crack the password which SHA1 hash b8be16afba8c314ad33d812f22a04991b90e2aaausing an online hash decrypting service. Finally, get the credentials user id: admin@htb.local and password baconandcheese
Hacking Process Part 2 – Initial Low Privilege Access
Let login to Umbraco CMS with the credentials found admin@htb.local / baconandcheese.
Just checked the version is Umbraco 7.12.4, google any vulunerability found at the exploit DB.
This version suffers from an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability. Download the exploit and modify the login details as below.
In order to get the reversed TCP shell, the payload is changed to download a netcat 64 bits Windows version.
Next, stand up a listener on port 80 and run the exploit.
Change the payload again to start the reversed TCP shell to my Kali machine
Start the listening port at my Kali machine, the reverse shell is returned.
The user flag can be found in the C:\Users\Public folder.
Hacking Process Part 3 – Privilege Escalation
Start from gathering the system information
Result of the winPEAS.exe, discover possible local privilege escalation vectors, shows the full access of a service named as UsoSvC
[+] Modifiable Services
[?] Check if you can modify any service https://book.hacktricks.xyz/windows/windows-local-privilege-escalation#services
LOOKS LIKE YOU CAN MODIFY SOME SERVICE/s:
UsoSvc: AllAccess, Start
Because of the full access to UsoSvc service, we can modify the binpath of the service and pop us a reverse shell.
Several known vulnerability is found on this box that makes us can finish the game easily. It is told us that system patching is the most important preventive action to defect cyber attack.
